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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク South African Press Association ： ウィキペディア英語版 South African Press Association The South African Press Association, commonly known as SAPA, is the national news agency of South Africa. ==History== The agency was established on July 1, 1938,〔Hachten, William A. (1971). ''Muffled drums; the news media in Africa.'' Iowa State University Press. p. 257.〕 by major South African newspapers to facilitate the sharing of news.〔Shrivastava, K. M. (2007). ''News agencies from pigeon to internet.'' Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 235. ISBN 978-1-932705-67-6.〕 Reuters had dominated the internal supply of news in South Africa until 1938. When SAPA was founded, Reuters retained the exclusive right to supply it with world news. Reuters ended this partnership in 1995, when it began expanding its own Southern African activities in competition with SAPA.〔Boyd-Barrett, Oliver; Rantanen, Terhi (1998). ''The globalization of news.'' SAGE. p. 165.〕 In February 1938, the constitution for the new agency was framed, and by April that year, it became a co-operative news agency under the control of every British and Afrikaans newspaper that wished to join.〔Storey, Graham (2007). ''Reuters' Century 1851-1951.'' READ BOOKS. p. 200.〕 During the apartheid era, it was criticised by the ruling National Party for inadequate reporting of the government's viewpoint and Afrikaner culture.〔Merrett, Christopher Edmond (1995). ''A Culture of Censorship: Secrecy and Intellectual Repression in South Africa.'' Mercer University Press. p. 67. ISBN 978-0-86554-455-0.〕 From 1964 to 1981, SAPA owned a subsidiary in the Inter-Africa News Agency (IANA) in neighbouring Rhodesia (later Zimbabwe), which was later taken over by the Zimbabwe Mass Media Trust.〔Eribo, Festus; Jong-Ebot, William (1997). ''Press freedom and communication in Africa.'' Africa World Press. p. 169.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「South African Press Association」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.